Trace of $A = 3 + (-2) = 1$
Determinant of $A = (3)(-2) - (-8) = -6 + 8 = 2$
Characteristic equation of $A$ is:
$\lambda^2 - (\text{trace})\lambda + \det = 0$
$\lambda^2 - \lambda + 2 = 0$
By Cayley–Hamilton theorem:
$A^2 - A + 2I = 0$
Comparing with $A^2 - kA + 2I = 0$
$k = 1$
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